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Mathesis
Julius Firmicus Maternus, a native of Sicily, was a Roman lawyer of thesenatorial class. He lived in the first half of the fourth century AD(c.280-c.360). He was also a student of Greek astrology, which formsthe basis of this book. Of this book, James Herschel Holden writes,"The Mathesis is the lengthiest astrological treatise that has comedown to us from the classical period. It consists of eight books, ofwhich the first forms an introductory essay on astrology, and the restset forth the fundamentals of Greek astrology. Several sections containmaterial that is found nowhere else...." (History of HoroscopicAstrology, pg. 66.) The translator writes, "Magic, philosophy, scienceand theology combine in strange ways in the thinking of the lastcenturies of the Roman empire..... Firmicus seemed worthy of note formany reasons. He is almost alone as author of works produced bothbefore and after an apparent conversion to Christianity.... He left alengthy handbook detailing the astrological practices of his day, theonly work which has come down to us in its entirety 90% complete:Holden out of numerous astrological treatises written in theHellenistic and Roman periods..... This manual was important because itwas the channel for astrological lore to the Middle Ages andRenaissance."
这本经典的现代英语翻译者为Jean Rhys Bram
个人以为,兴许因为天文星学非译者专精之学术领域,
因此本书的翻译用词选择,特别是针对关键性论断工具的词汇描述与选用
有出现容易造成分歧误会的地方,比如sign, house 以及 lots等等。
在译者的注解部分亦有许多谬误出现,如注释第五十二条,第五十三条之类,
可见译者对古典星学(尤其是实用禄命的部份)的理解是相当有待商榷的,
这个问题可以回头反映出被翻译出的文句其相关的结构,语意等,便具有一定程度内失真的可能性。
建议读者阅读时需格外谨慎注意。
另一方面,这本巨著确实在星命条则的记载上是相当丰富且相对详尽的。
在思想上,本经全八册四处充满斯多葛教派(stoics)强烈的严肃色彩,
天人之际的概念,对人生的省思以及生活的方式等,
其他也可以目击到在当代关于『宿命论』舌战的激烈性以及所争执的议题之类。
在星命技术上,诸如Antiscia的使用
Duodecatemoria的计算方式以及其意涵
(建议连带参阅其他典籍,如Antiochus of Athens的占星词典与Paulus的Introductory Matters等)
或是月亮与其他星体构成的出入相位的状况,云云(建议连带参阅Liber Hermetis),
皆提供了阅读者理解见识当时代星学实务应用的面貌,具有高度的史学价值性。
最后我个人认为,不论是站在支持或者反对占星论命的立场,
这本经典都提供了相当多的 "材料" 可供使用,
不论是形上思想面的,或者是实务技术架构面的。
另外,斯多葛教派(stoics)确实是提供给星命于禄命实务上的树立与发展,
一个相当厚实的养分,难怪层级较高的"占星术"是被指定由土星征象的。
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